Conciliación entre el teletrabajo y las tareas de cuidado : Experiencias y consecuencias del teletrabajo de docentes de nivel primario durante el confinamiento por pandemia
Fecha
2024-02-02
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Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche. Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo principal identificar y analizar los cambios que supuso la virtualidad en la organización del trabajo docente, abordando -específicamente- la conciliación entre el teletrabajo y las tareas de cuidado de las docentes de un colegio primario ubicado en Florencio Varela durante el 2020 y principios del 2021.
En el mismo se plantea caracterizar el proceso y la organización del trabajo durante el contexto de confinamiento teniendo en cuenta cuáles fueron los principales cambios en comparación con las clases presenciales, identificando cómo se vio transformada la jornada laboral en pandemia, cómo se llevó a cabo la continuidad pedagógica y cuál fue el rol de la institución escolar en todo este proceso.
Asimismo se indaga en cómo fue la carga global de trabajo de las docentes en este período, teniendo en cuenta los factores físicos, psíquicos y mentales. Finalmente, a través de los testimonios de docentes del establecimiento seleccionado, se examinan cuáles fueron las estrategias que ellas utilizaron para poder conciliar la vida laboral y familiar.
Para estos objetivos se consideró apropiada la utilización de una metodología cualitativa con un enfoque de análisis interpretativo retomando las experiencias de lxs sujetxs en cuestión a través de la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Las mismas permitieron reflexionar sobre los sentidos y vivencias de cada una de las docentes. A su vez, se utilizó como técnica de investigación el análisis de documentos; fueron consultadas publicaciones de Sindicato Argentino de Docentes Particulares (SADOP) como así también de la Confederación de Trabajadores de la Educación de la República Argentina (CTERA). Se ha indagado además en mensajes de WhatsApp y mails recibidos por las docentes de parte de lxs directivxs, las normativas de la Dirección General de Cultura y Educación de PBA y las novedades de la escuela.
La muestra elegida para la investigación constó de cinco docentes de un colegio primario ubicado en la localidad de Florencio Varela, una institución religiosa que lleva cincuenta y cuatro años al servicio de la educación.
La selección de la muestra fue intencional y no probabilística basada en el criterio de la selección de mujeres con tareas de cuidado a cargo. El rango etario ronda entre los treinta y cincuenta años y la antigüedad en la institución es de entre cinco y quince años.
The main objective of this research work is to identify and analyze the changes that virtuality brought about in the organization of teaching work, specifically addressing the conciliation between teleworking and care tasks of the teachers of a primary school located in Florencio Varela. during 2020 and early 2021. It proposes to characterize the process and organization of work during the context of confinement, taking into account what the main changes were compared to face-to-face classes, identifying how the working day was transformed in a pandemic, how the pedagogical continuity and what was the role of the institution in this entire process. On the other hand, the overall workload is investigated, taking into account physical, psychological and mental factors. Finally, through the testimonies of teachers from the establishment in question, the strategies they used to be able to reconcile work and family life are examined. For these objectives, the use of a qualitative methodology with an interpretive analysis approach is considered appropriate, returning to the experiences of the subjects in question through in-depth interviews that allowed us to reflect on the meanings and experiences of each of the teachers. At the same time, as a research technique, the analysis of documents published by the Argentine Union of Private Teachers (SADOP) is carried out, this being the union that brings together private teachers from all over the country, as well as publications of the Confederation of Workers of the Education of the Argentine Republic (CTERA) and by the Center for the Implementation of Public Policies for Equity and Growth (CIPPEC). The WhatsApp messages and emails received by the teachers from the directors have also been investigated, with the regulations and news. The sample chosen for this research consisted of five teachers from a primary school located in the town of Florencio Varela, a religious institution that has been serving education for fifty-four years. In the primary sector, twelve teachers are working between the morning and afternoon shift, some of them with double work hours. The selection of the sample was intentional and non-probabilistic based on the selection criterion of women with care tasks in charge. The age range is between thirty and fifty years old and seniority in the institution is between five and fifteen years.
The main objective of this research work is to identify and analyze the changes that virtuality brought about in the organization of teaching work, specifically addressing the conciliation between teleworking and care tasks of the teachers of a primary school located in Florencio Varela. during 2020 and early 2021. It proposes to characterize the process and organization of work during the context of confinement, taking into account what the main changes were compared to face-to-face classes, identifying how the working day was transformed in a pandemic, how the pedagogical continuity and what was the role of the institution in this entire process. On the other hand, the overall workload is investigated, taking into account physical, psychological and mental factors. Finally, through the testimonies of teachers from the establishment in question, the strategies they used to be able to reconcile work and family life are examined. For these objectives, the use of a qualitative methodology with an interpretive analysis approach is considered appropriate, returning to the experiences of the subjects in question through in-depth interviews that allowed us to reflect on the meanings and experiences of each of the teachers. At the same time, as a research technique, the analysis of documents published by the Argentine Union of Private Teachers (SADOP) is carried out, this being the union that brings together private teachers from all over the country, as well as publications of the Confederation of Workers of the Education of the Argentine Republic (CTERA) and by the Center for the Implementation of Public Policies for Equity and Growth (CIPPEC). The WhatsApp messages and emails received by the teachers from the directors have also been investigated, with the regulations and news. The sample chosen for this research consisted of five teachers from a primary school located in the town of Florencio Varela, a religious institution that has been serving education for fifty-four years. In the primary sector, twelve teachers are working between the morning and afternoon shift, some of them with double work hours. The selection of the sample was intentional and non-probabilistic based on the selection criterion of women with care tasks in charge. The age range is between thirty and fifty years old and seniority in the institution is between five and fifteen years.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Carga mental, Docencia, Tareas de cuidado, Proceso y organización del trabajo
Citación
Pereyra, A. (2024). Conciliación entre el teletrabajo y las tareas de cuidado. Experiencias y consecuencias del teletrabajo de docentes de nivel primario durante el confinamiento por pandemia [Trabajo final de grado, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche]. https://rid.unaj.edu.ar/handle/123456789/3241