Simulación y Estrategias de Control del Dengue
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Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche. Instituto de Ingeniería y Agronomía
Abstract
En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo y las mejoras implementadas en un simulador preexistente desarrollado por la Ciudad de Buenos Aires (CABA) para el control del Dengue. El proyecto, titulado "Simulación y Estrategias de Control del Dengue", se enfoca en optimizar la capacidad de simulación para la toma de decisiones estratégicas frente a brotes y la gestión integral de la enfermedad.
Se realizaron significativas mejoras al modelo original. Entre ellas, la incorporación del modelo SIR (Susceptible, Infectado, Recuperado) para una representación más precisa de la dinámica de la enfermedad, la integración de un agente climático que simula las condiciones ambientales variables que influyen en la propagación del Dengue, y la diferenciación entre mosquitos macho y hembra, reconociendo sus roles distintos en el ciclo de vida y la transmisión del virus. Adicionalmente, se habilitó la simulación con diferentes serotipos de Dengue, lo que permite evaluar estrategias de control específicas para cada variante; se amplió la duración de la simulación a un año completo, capturando la estacionalidad de la enfermedad; y se incorporó la distribución de repelente por parte del estado como una estrategia de control adicional.
La simulación se centra en el Parque Ranelagh, un espacio público con alta concurrencia, especialmente en épocas de calor, lo que lo convierte en un potencial foco de contagios si no se implementan medidas de control adecuadas. La elección de esta ubicación se debe, en parte, a su proximidad a la Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche, donde se desarrolla esta Práctica Profesional Supervisada.
Estas mejoras permiten simular escenarios realistas y evaluar el impacto de diversas intervenciones, como la optimización de la distribución de repelente durante picos de contagio. El objetivo final es proporcionar una herramienta robusta y adaptable para la planificación y ejecución de estrategias de control del Dengue más efectivas no solo a nivel regional, sino también nacional y/o mundial.
Este trabajo se enmarca en el Proyecto SimHPC (Simulación y Computación Avanzada para la eficiencia de aplicaciones sociales, Código: 80020230100048UJ), dirigido por Diego Encinas, el cual contribuye al programa “Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en aplicaciones de interés social – TICAPPS” de la UNAJ, liderado por Martín Morales. Dentro de sus líneas de investigación, el proyecto aborda el campo del modelado epidemiológico y las capacidades de respuesta ante futuros brotes. Este tema se considera de gran relevancia e interés para la comunidad científica y los responsables de políticas de salud pública.
This report details the development and improvements implemented in a pre-existing simulation of the City of Buenos Aires (CABA) for the control of Dengue. The project, entitled "Simulation and Strategies for the Control of Dengue", focuses on optimizing the simulation capacity for strategic decision-making in the face of outbreaks and the comprehensive management of the disease. Significant improvements were made to the original model. These include the incorporation of the SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) model for a more accurate representation of the dynamics of the disease, the integration of a climatic agent that simulates the variable environmental conditions that influence the spread of Dengue, and the differentiation between male and female mosquitoes, recognizing their distinct roles in the life cycle and transmission of the virus. Additionally, the simulation with different Dengue serotypes was enabled, allowing the evaluation of specific control strategies for each variant; the duration of the simulation was extended to a full year, capturing the seasonality of the disease; and the distribution of repellent by the state was incorporated as an additional control strategy. The simulation focuses on Ranelagh Park, a public space with high attendance, especially during hot weather, which makes it a potential focus of contagion if adequate control measures are not implemented. The choice of this location is due, in part, to its proximity to the Arturo Jauretche National University, where this Supervised Professional Practice is carried out. These improvements allow simulating realistic scenarios and evaluating the impact of various interventions, such as optimizing the distribution of repellent during contagion peaks. The final objective is to provide a robust and adaptable tool for the planning and execution of more effective Dengue control strategies not only at a regional level, but also national and/or global level. This work is part of the SimHPC Project (Simulation and Advanced Computing for the efficiency of social applications, Code: 80020230100048UJ), led by Diego Encinas, who contributes to the program “Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in applications of social interest – TICAPPS” of UNAJ, led by Martín Morales. Within its lines of research, the project addresses the field of epidemiological modeling and response capacities to future outbreaks. This topic is considered of great relevance and interest to the scientific community and those responsible for public health policies.
This report details the development and improvements implemented in a pre-existing simulation of the City of Buenos Aires (CABA) for the control of Dengue. The project, entitled "Simulation and Strategies for the Control of Dengue", focuses on optimizing the simulation capacity for strategic decision-making in the face of outbreaks and the comprehensive management of the disease. Significant improvements were made to the original model. These include the incorporation of the SIR (Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) model for a more accurate representation of the dynamics of the disease, the integration of a climatic agent that simulates the variable environmental conditions that influence the spread of Dengue, and the differentiation between male and female mosquitoes, recognizing their distinct roles in the life cycle and transmission of the virus. Additionally, the simulation with different Dengue serotypes was enabled, allowing the evaluation of specific control strategies for each variant; the duration of the simulation was extended to a full year, capturing the seasonality of the disease; and the distribution of repellent by the state was incorporated as an additional control strategy. The simulation focuses on Ranelagh Park, a public space with high attendance, especially during hot weather, which makes it a potential focus of contagion if adequate control measures are not implemented. The choice of this location is due, in part, to its proximity to the Arturo Jauretche National University, where this Supervised Professional Practice is carried out. These improvements allow simulating realistic scenarios and evaluating the impact of various interventions, such as optimizing the distribution of repellent during contagion peaks. The final objective is to provide a robust and adaptable tool for the planning and execution of more effective Dengue control strategies not only at a regional level, but also national and/or global level. This work is part of the SimHPC Project (Simulation and Advanced Computing for the efficiency of social applications, Code: 80020230100048UJ), led by Diego Encinas, who contributes to the program “Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in applications of social interest – TICAPPS” of UNAJ, led by Martín Morales. Within its lines of research, the project addresses the field of epidemiological modeling and response capacities to future outbreaks. This topic is considered of great relevance and interest to the scientific community and those responsible for public health policies.
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Citation
Di Loreto, I. D. (2025). Simulación y Estrategias de Control del Dengue [Práctica Profesional Supervisada, Universidad Nacional Arturo Jauretche]. https://rid.unaj.edu.ar/handle/123456789/3609