Relaciones laborales en la encrucijada: desafíos de regulación en los servicios logísticos de Amazon y MercadoLibre
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2024-04-02
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El comercio electrónico se aceleró durante la pandemia. A medida que más consumidores compraban en línea, empresas como Amazon y MercadoLibre se transformaron en líderes mundiales. Este proceso convirtió a la actividad logística en un pilar fundamental para el desarrollo de su negocio y la gestión de sus relaciones laborales ha sido objeto de debate. Este artículo estudia esa dinámica en perspectiva comparada. Se analiza el papel de los modelos de regulación de las condiciones laborales y posibilidades de organización colectiva de los trabajadores de la actividad logística de Amazon (en Alemania y EE.UU.) y de MercadoLibre (en Argentina). Los resultados indican que la dinámica de las relaciones laborales de estas compañías responde tanto a las particularidades del modelo de regulación vigente en cada país, como a las posibilidades de organización y correlación de fuerzas de los actores intervinientes.
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E-commerce retail sales accelerated during the pandemic as more consumers shopped online. Companies such as Amazon and MercadoLibre have become global leaders. In this context, logistics activity became a fundamental pillar for the development of its business models and its labour relations have been under deep discussion. The objective of the article is to explore in comparative perspective, labour relations through the role of trade unions, collective bargaining, wages and benefits for workers in the logistics activity of Amazon and MercadoLibre.The article adopts the notion of “regulation model” as the presence of institutional characteristics that distinguish the normative order and labour institutions between countries, although the scope of the concept may be supranational. In particular, the cases of Germany, the United States, and Argentina are analyzed. The results show that labour relation’s dynamics of these companies responds to the particularities of the current regulation model in each country, as well as to the possibilities of organization and correlation of forces of the intervening actors.
E-commerce retail sales accelerated during the pandemic as more consumers shopped online. Companies such as Amazon and MercadoLibre have become global leaders. In this context, logistics activity became a fundamental pillar for the development of its business models and its labour relations have been under deep discussion. The objective of the article is to explore in comparative perspective, labour relations through the role of trade unions, collective bargaining, wages and benefits for workers in the logistics activity of Amazon and MercadoLibre.The article adopts the notion of “regulation model” as the presence of institutional characteristics that distinguish the normative order and labour institutions between countries, although the scope of the concept may be supranational. In particular, the cases of Germany, the United States, and Argentina are analyzed. The results show that labour relation’s dynamics of these companies responds to the particularities of the current regulation model in each country, as well as to the possibilities of organization and correlation of forces of the intervening actors.
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Amazon, Alemania, EE.UU., MercadoLibre, Argentina, Logística, Amazon, Germany, United States, MercadoLibre, Argentina, Logística
Citación
Pontoni, G. y Filipetto, S. (2024). Relaciones laborales en la encrucijada: desafíos de regulación en los servicios logísticos de Amazon y MercadoLibre. Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, 42(1). 175-193. https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/crla.84620